(define-theory Abnormalities (Biologic-Functions Morphology))

(in-theory 'Abnormalities)


(DEFINE-RELATION _ABNORMAL (?A ?B)
 "A quick summary of medical abnormalities: some agent 
must be aware of the abnormal object (all assessment relations are epistemical, not 
ontological), and there must be some part, connected object, located object, 
or morphologic property, which is RECOGNIZED by the agent as TYPICALLY different from 
what is expected. In fact, it is impossible to list all possible abnormalities, even 
for a given domain, nor we can formulate complete rules to cover their extension."
 :DEF (TYPICALITY-PROPERTY ?A ?B) :CONSTRAINTS
 (EXISTS (?Z)
  (AND (BIOLOGIC-OBJECT ?Z)
       (OR (ABSENT-IN ?Z ?A)
           (PRESENT-IN ?Z ?A)
           (ABNORMALLY-ATTACHED ?Z ?A)
           (DETACHED ?Z ?A)
           (ABSENT-IN ?A ?Z)
           (PRESENT-IN ?A ?Z)
           (ABNORMALLY-ATTACHED ?A ?Z)
           (DETACHED ?A ?Z))))
 :AXIOM-CONSTRAINTS (DOMAIN _ABNORMAL ANATOMICAL-STRUCTURE))
(DEFINE-CLASS ABNORMAL-NEW-FORMATION (?SELF)
:DEF
 (AND (ANATOMICAL-ABNORMALITY ?SELF)
      (EXISTS (?A) (AND (PRODUCT-OF ?SELF ?A) (NON-PLASTIC-PROLIFERATION ?A)))))
(DEFINE-CLASS ACQUIRED-ABNORMALITY (?SELF)
 "An abnormal structure, or one that is abnormal in size or 
location, found in or deriving from a previously normal structure."
 :DEF
 (AND (ANATOMICAL-ABNORMALITY ?SELF)
      (VALUE-CARDINALITY ?SELF MORPHOLOGICAL-PROPERTY 1)
      (EXISTS (?A) (AND (POSTDATES ?SELF ?A) (BIRTH ?A)))
      (EXISTS (?B)
              (AND (CO-EXIST ?SELF ?B)
                   (OR (PATHOLOGIC-FUNCTION ?B) (INJURY-OR-POISONING ?B))))))
(DEFINE-CLASS ANATOMICAL-ABNORMALITY (?SELF)
 "An abnormal structure, or one that is abnormal in size or location.
An abnormal biologic object features an abnormal morphology (color, size, form, consistency), 
mereology (absence, presence), or topology (disconnected, obstructed). Abnormality of its function 
is conceptualized differently, specially because structural abnormalities are usually caused by 
disfunctions. Neoplasms are not included here. These are given the type 'Neoplastic Process'."
 :DEF
 (AND (ANATOMICAL-STRUCTURE ?SELF)
      (VALUE-CARDINALITY ?SELF _ABNORMAL 1)
      (EXISTS (?A)
              (AND (AFFECTS ?SELF ?A)
                   (OR (ORGANISM ?A) (PHYSIOLOGIC-FUNCTION ?A)))))
 :CONSTRAINTS
 (AND (VALUE-TYPE ?SELF SCATTERED-LOCATION GROUP)
      (VALUE-TYPE ?SELF EMBODIES PATHOLOGIC-FUNCTION)
      (VALUE-TYPE ?SELF MANIFESTATION-OF BIOLOGIC-FUNCTION)
      (VALUE-TYPE ?SELF COMPLICATES
       DISORDERED-FUNCTION-CAUSED-BY-ANATOMICAL-ABNORMALITY))
 :AXIOM-DEF
 (AND (PROBLEM ANATOMICAL-ABNORMALITY
       "How a structure -even abnormal- can affect the organism or a function??!?
For sure it is the relata of such a structure which may affect them (say, the 'condition' in the second
axiom.")
      (FURTHER-MODELLING ANATOMICAL-ABNORMALITY
       "Use this for clusters: 'if an anatomical abnormality has a pathologic 
manifestation, then it will additionally be given the type 'Disease or Syndrome', e.g., 'Diabetic Cataract'
will be double-typed for this reason'.")))
(DEFINE-CLASS CONCRETION (?SELF)
:DEF (FOREIGN-BODY ?SELF))
(DEFINE-CLASS CONGENITAL-ABNORMALITY (?SELF)
 "An abnormal structure, or one that is abnormal in size or location, present 
at birth or evolving over time as a result of a defect in embryogenesis."
 :DEF
 (AND (ANATOMICAL-ABNORMALITY ?SELF)
      (VALUE-CARDINALITY ?SELF MORPHOLOGICAL-PROPERTY 1)
      (EXISTS (?A) (AND (ANTEDATES ?SELF ?A) (BIRTH ?A)))))
(DEFINE-CLASS FOREIGN-BODY (?SELF)
:IFF-DEF
 (AND (*MASS ?SELF)
      (EXISTS (?A) (AND (PRESENT-IN ?SELF ?A) (ANATOMICAL-STRUCTURE ?A))))
 :AXIOM-DEF (THE-ARCHETYPE FOREIGN-BODY REIFIED-PROPERTY))
(DEFINE-CLASS INFLAMMATED-BIOLOGIC-STRUCTURE (?SELF)
:DEF
 (AND (ANATOMICAL-ABNORMALITY ?SELF)
      (EXISTS (?A) (AND (PRODUCT-OF ?SELF ?A) (PROTECTIVE-RESPONSE ?A)))))
(DEFINE-CLASS NEOPLASM (?SELF)
:DEF
 (AND (ANATOMICAL-ABNORMALITY ?SELF)
      (EXISTS (?A) (AND (PRODUCT-OF ?SELF ?A) (NEOPLASTIC-PROCESS ?A)))))